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External hydraulic pumps are part of the system that operates equipment on the outside of the submarine, so they’re placed in a space dedicated to external machinery rather than inside crew areas. Positioning the pumps below the external hydraulic vent and supply tank keeps them in a non-pressurized, non-crew compartment area where the external lines are routed. This setup reduces risk to the crew from leaks or fluid contamination, minimizes vibration and heat impact on living spaces, and keeps maintenance access convenient.

Placing pumps inside the pressure hull, in the main engine room, or inside the pressurized cabin would bring those external components into crewed or propulsion spaces, increasing risk and complexity without serving the needs of the external system.